CORDIS Project
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This project investigates how independent entrepreneurs in Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire navigated state-imposed monopolies from 1500 to 1750. It explores the formation of informal networks that challenged these monopolies and facilitated cross-cultural exchanges.
How did free agents (entrepreneurs operating outside of the state-sponsored monopolies) in Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire react to the creation of colonial monopolies (royal monopolies and chartered companies) by centralized states between 1500 and 1750?
This question will be answered by looking at the role individuals played in the construction of informal empires, defined as a multitude of self-organized networks operating world-wide, whose main goal was safeguarding personal advantage…
UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN
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